The Treaty of Paris: How the American Revolution Officially Ended

The Treaty of Paris was the peace agreement that officially ended the Revolutionary War between the United States of America and Great Britain. Although the war effectively ended in 1781 after the British defeat at Yorktown, it wasn’t until September 3, 1783, that both sides signed a formal treaty. This agreement recognized American independence and laid the foundation for a new era.

To explore how the journey toward American independence began, read our full article on the Birth of the USA.

Why Was the Treaty of Paris Necessary?

The Revolutionary War began in 1775 when 13 American colonies rose up against British rule. The colonies wanted freedom, while Britain aimed to maintain its control. For six years, the war continued across towns, cities, and battlefields.

A major turning point came in 1781, when General George Washington’s forces, with the help of the French, trapped the British army at Yorktown, Virginia. The British surrender marked the military end of the conflict — but a formal treaty was still needed to finalize peace and define the terms.

Who Signed the Treaty?

The United States sent three key representatives to negotiate and sign the treaty:

Benjamin Franklin
John Adams
John Jay

Representing Britain was David Hartley, a member of Parliament who signed the treaty on behalf of King George III and the British government.

When and Where Was the Treaty Signed?

The treaty was signed on September 3, 1783, in Paris, France — hence the name “Treaty of Paris.” France had supported the American colonies during the war, and its involvement helped lead to the final victory.

After the signing, the treaty was ratified by:

The U.S. Congress on January 14, 1784
King George III of Britain on April 9, 1784

Treaty of Paris Document — Treaty of Paris Rediscovery number: 05477 05477_2008_004

What Did the Treaty Say?

Because America had clearly won the war, the treaty strongly favored the United States. Some of the most important terms included:

Britain officially recognized the independence of the United States
No western boundary for the U.S. was set, allowing future westward expansion
All British troops were to leave American territory
Americans could fish in British waters near Canada
Rights were protected for American colonists who had remained loyal to Britain during the war
Prisoners of war were to be released and exchanged

What Happened After the Treaty?

The Treaty of Paris helped heal the wounds of war. Despite their recent conflict, America and Britain resumed trade relations fairly quickly. The treaty helped the new nation establish its place in the world and stabilize its economy.

Over time, it became clear that the treaty had not only ended a war — it had also launched a new country on its journey to becoming a global power.

Q1: What was the main purpose of the Treaty of Paris?

A: The main purpose of the Treaty of Paris was to formally end the Revolutionary War and recognize the independence of the United States of America from British rule.

Q2: When was the Treaty of Paris signed?

A: The treaty was signed on September 3, 1783.

Q3: Who signed the Treaty of Paris on behalf of the United States?

A: The American signatories were Benjamin Franklin, John Jay, and John Adams.

Q4: Where was the Treaty of Paris signed?

A: It was signed in Paris, France, which is why it is called the Treaty of Paris.

Q5: What did Britain agree to in the treaty?

A: Britain agreed to recognize the United States as an independent nation and relinquished its claims to the 13 colonies.

Q6: Did the treaty help improve relations between the US and Britain?

A: Yes, despite the long war, the treaty helped pave the way for improved trade and diplomatic relations between the two nations.

Q7: What other issues did the Treaty of Paris address?

A: It also addressed matters like the return of prisoners of war, fishing rights, and the treatment of loyalists’ property.

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